People Index

The People Index is an imperfect attempt to organize the content on this website with name tags [last updated October 2016].  Many of these individuals could easily fit into several sections, but for brevity’s sake, we’ve only listed each person once.  For example, William Whipple Warren is listed under Fur-Trade Personnel and Descendants, but a case could be made that he fits just as well under La Pointe Band, Sandy Lake Band, or US Government Personnel.  Look in multiple places or do a text search if you don’t find the person you’re looking for right away.

Ojibwe names are rendered in the modern Fiero double-vowel spelling, when possible, with earlier variants listed afterward.  Thanks to Charles Lippert for providing many of the transliterations.

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La Pointe (Chequamegon) Band

Aanakwad :  Cloud; Aw-naw-quot.

Andeg-wiiyas :  Ou-daig-weos; Andickweas; Crow’s Meat; Raven’s Flesh.

Charlotte Armstrong :
Wife of Benjamin Green Armstrong.  Possibly Chief Buffalo’s niece, or daughter.

Bayaaswaa the Elder :  Bi-aus-wah I; Dry One; Matchiwaijan?; Mechiwayaan?; Great Skin?.
This is the father of the Sandy Lake chief, who according to William Warren, traded his life for his son’s.  In this story, it is inferred that he was part of the La Pointe band, but his camp is mentioned at Gaa-apakwaanikaaning (modern-day Port Wing, WI).

Bebaamise :  Soarer; Pay-baw-me-say.

Bizhiki of La Pointe

Bizhiki (Chief Buffalo of La Pointe) :

Buffalo; Great Buffalo; Big Buffalo; Old Buffalo; LaBoeuf; Gichi-Weshki, Chi-washkey; Kechewaishke; Kechewashkeenk; Gitspee Wayishkee; Bizhiki; Pizhickee; Besheke; Pezheke; Bezhike; Pishiki; etc.
Perhaps the most famous figure in Chequamegon History.  Head Chief of the La Pointe Band during multiple treaties.  Leader of the 1852 Delegation to Washington, D.C.  Not to be confused with the Chief Buffalos from other bands.

James Blackbird

James Blackbird :  Gic-caw-kie-yesh-sheese; Minor Surface Wind.
Son of Makadebineshii (Blackbird).

Antoine Buffalo :  Antoine Chechigwayong.
Grandson of Buffalo.  Son of Jechiikwii’o.

Henry Buffalo :  Henry Besheke.
Grandson of Buffalo.

John Buffalo :  John Chechigwayong; Jean-Baptiste.
Grandson of Buffalo.  Son of Jechiikwii’o.

Dagwagaane :  Tagwagane; Tug-waug-an-ay; Ta-qua-qua-no; Goguagani; Guagain; Two Lodges Meeting.
Crane Clan chief.  Brother of Madeline Cadotte.

Edawigijig

Edawi-giizhig :  Each Side of the sky; A-daw-we-ge-zhick; Aitauigizhik; Edawigijig; etc.

Gaagaagens :  Ke-ka-geese; Young Raven; George Cedar Root.

Giishkitawag of Odanah :  Cut Ear; Kishkitauag; Kis-ki-ta-wag; Keeshketowug; etc.
Also associated with the Ontonagon Band.

Gichi-Inini :  Big Man; Kitchi Inini.
Possibly the same person as Joseph B. Houle.

Gimiwana’am :  Key-me-waw-naw-um; Canoes in the Rain.

Ikwezewe (Madeline Cadotte) :  Madeline Cadotte; Mme. Cadotte; Equaysayway; Wandering Woman.
Wife of Michel Cadotte, Sr.

Ja-be-ge-zhick :  Hole in the Sky.

Jechiikwii’o?

Jechiikwii’o :  

Jayjigwyong; Jejigwaig; Ja-che-go-onk; Chay-che-que-oh; Ja-jig-wy-ong; Chi-chig-gui-oh; etc.; Can’t Tell; Snipe; Plover; Little Buffalo; Young Buffalo.
Son of Buffalo.

Maazhiniwe :
Not to be confused with Omizhinawe.

Makade-anaakwad :  Black Cloud; Makudeuakuat; Maw-caw-day-waw-quot.

Makadebineshii :

Blackbird; Chief Blackbird; Muck-a-day-pay-ne-she; Muk-ud-a-be-nase; Seganae; etc.

Mamaangezide :  Big Feet; Gros Pied; Mamongazeda.

Medueguon :

Mizay :  Eel; Catfish (name actually refers to Lota lota, the lawyerfish or burbot); Loche; Mizi; Mi-sia.

Mo-ko-kun-ens-ish :

Naawajiwanose : Little Current; Little Eddy; Naw-waw-ge-way-nose.

Ogonã :
Grandmother of Wabigance; possibly a fictional character.

Omizhinawe :  Messenger; Omashinaway; Mizhenaway; Mizhinawe.

Oshaage of La Pointe :

Osprey(?); Claw(?); Oshogay; Oshoga; Oshaga; Oshaka; Osho’gay; Ozhoge; Oshoge; Ozhogens; etc.
Originally part of St. Croix Band?

Oshkinawe :  Youth; Oshkinaue; O-ske-naw-way; etc.

Adam Scott :  Gic-he-chi-gie-nig Bah-dub-wah-be-da.
Born c.1840.  Son of Ka-ta-wa-ba-bay Scott.  Father of James Scott.

James Scott :
Son of Adam Scott.

Joseph Stoddard :
Son or Grandson of Giishkitawag of Odanah.  Witnessed the 1854 Treaty at La Pointe.  

Waabajijaak :  White Crane.
Father of Ikwezewe (Madeline Cadotte).

Waabanimikii :  White Thunder; Waw-be-ne me-ke.

Waabojiig :  White Fisher; Waubojeeg; Wa-bo-jig; Wau-bo-geeg; etc.

Wabigance :  Little Flower Girl.
Associated with La Pointe, the Montreal River, and the Penokee Mountains.  Possibly a fictional alias representing a real person.

Waubannika :

Weshki-waabizheshi of Odanah :  Waish-ki Martin; Little Marten.
Possibly the same (or different) as a number of chiefs named Marten, especially at Lac du Flambeau and Lac Courte Oreilles.

Moses White :

Zhigaag :  Skunk; She-gog.

Zhingwaakoons of La Pointe :  Little Pine; Singuakonse.
See Sault Sainte Marie Band for the chief of the same name.

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Eshquabi

Grand Portage Band

Adikoons :  Little Caribou; Attikonse.

Eshquabi (John Beargrease the Younger) :

Mako-bimide (John Beargrease the Elder) :

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Lac du Flambeau, Ontonagon, Lakes, and Wisconsin River Bands (Trout Lake, Lac Vieux Desert, etc.)

Aamoons

Aamoons :  Little Bee; Wasp; Aw-monse; Ahmoose; etc.

Geganoodam :  Ke-kon-o-tum; Intercessor.

Gezhiiyaash :  Sails Fast; Ka-she-ansh; Kay-she-aush; Ka-shee-yash; Kaizheosh; etc.

Gichi-waabizheshi of Pelican Lake :  Keychewawbeshayshe; Big Marten; the big Martin; the old Martin.
Possibly associated with Lac Courte Oreilles Band later in life?

Giishkiman :  Sharpened Stone; Pierre l’affiler; Keeshkemun; Kishkemun; Kichekimanne, etc.

Ginishtinoo : Cree; Kenestino.

Ginishtinookwe :  Cree Woman; Keenestinoquay; Mdme. Charette.

Chief Governor of Bad Water Band :

Kakake-ogwunaosh :  Kay-kay-co-gwaw-nay-aw-she.

Manidoons : Moni-don-se; Small Bug.

Okandikan

Migizi :

Mozobodo :  Moose Muzzle; Muffle d’orignal.

Nezhikegwanebi :  Lone Wing Feather; Nay-she-kay-gwaw-nay-be; Aishquaygonaybe.

Nigig :  Otter; Negick; Nig-gig.

Ogimaa-giizhig :  O-gu-ma-ge-zic; Ogimagijig; O-gee-ma-gee-chigg; etc.

Okandikan :

Buoy; Ontonagon; Okanagon; Okundakund; O-cun-de-cun; Kondi Kondi; Condecun; etc.

Onguasug :

Oshkaabewis

Oshkaabewis :

Waiter; Messenger; Osh-ka-ba-wis; Oshcabawis; O-scaw-bay-wis; etc.

Plat :  Flat side?; Plate?.

Pammawaygeonenoqua :  Woman of the Murmuring Stream.

Waabishkaagaagi :  White Crow; Magpie; Le Pie; Wab-ish-gag-gang-e; etc.

Weshki-waabizheshi of Pelican Lake :  Little Marten; Waabizheshiins; Wawbeshaysheence.

Wis-Kok :

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Lac Courte Oreilles and Chippewa River Bands

Aazhawigiizhigokwe :  Ah-shaw-way-gee-she-go-qua; Hanging Cloud; Goes Across the Sky Woman.

Akiwenzii

Akiwenzii :  Old Man; Aw-ke-wain-ze; Akewainzee; etc.

Ba-quas : He Sews; Baygoosh; Bay’-qua-as’; etc.

Edward Dingley :
Mixed blood son of Daniel Dingley.

Giishkitawag of Rice Lake :  Joe White.

Gichi-Binesi :    Keychepenayse.
Also associated with the Lac Du Flambeau Band.

Ginoozhens :  Keynozhance; Little Pike.

Joseph B. Houle :  Big Joe.
Possibly the same person as Gichi-Inini at La Pointe; later associated with the Penokee Mountains and Superior City.

Miskomanidoo :  Diable Rogue; Red Devil; Red Spirit; Red Insect; Red Beast.

Nenaa’angebi

Naaganab of Lake Chetek :
Lake Chetek warrior–not to be confused with Fond du Lac chief of the same name.

Nenaa’angebi :  Dressing Bird; Beautifying Bird; Ne-na-nang-eb; Nay-nuk-aung-abe; Na-nong-ga-be; etc.

Oshaage of Lac Courte Oreilles :  Oshogay; Oshoga; Oshaga.
See St. Croix Band and La Pointe Band for others of the same name.

Ozhaawashko-giizhig :  Blue Sky; Oshawashkogijig; O-zhaw-waw-sco-ge-zhick; etc.

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Fond du Lac Band

Big Marten of Fond du Lac :  Grande Martre; Big Marten.

Little Marten of Fond du Lac :

Maangozid :

Loon’s Foot; Mongosit; Mangusid; Mongaroid; Mong-o-set; Mawn-go-sit; etc.
Originally from Sandy Lake.

Naagaanab of Fond du Lac

Naagaanab of Fond du Lac :

Foremost Sitter; Sits First; Na-ga-nub; Nahganub; Naw-gaw-nub; Nugunub; Negonup; etc.

Nindibens :  Balsam (Zhingob); Shin-goob; Shingoop; etc.
He was known as Nindibens to the people of Fond du Lac, but he used his father’s name (Zhingob) in relations with the government.

O-be-quot :  Firm.

Ogibwayquay Bonga :
Wife of Pierre Bonga.

Joseph Ozaaagii : Osawgee; Osaugee; Osagi.

Zhingob :  (d.1835) Balsam; Spruce; Shingup; Shin-goob; etc.
Zhingob was a name used by several Fond du Lac chiefs (see Nindibens).

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Saint Croix Band (Snake River, Yellow River, Pokegama, Saint Croix Lake, etc.)

Ayaabens :  Little Buck; Ai-aw-bens; Iyawbanse.

Beyazhig :  Lone Man; Pay-a-jick; Payedigique.

Bizhiki of Saint Croix

Bizhiki (Chief Buffalo of Saint Croix) :  Buffalo; Chief Buffalo; LaBouef; Pe-che-kir; Pizhickee; Besheke; etc.
Be careful not to confuse with the La Pointe band chief of the same name.

Gaa-bimabi :  Ka-be-ma-be; Kabamappa; Keppameppa; Gobamob; Kabemabe; Wet Month?;  Sits On The Side?; etc.

Ginoozhe :  Pike; Brochet.

Grande Razeur :

Little Wolf :

Noodin of Saint Croix :  Wind, Naudin, No-tin, No-den, etc.

Young Oshaage of Saint Croix :  Oshagay.
Born c. 1850.

Ozaawindib of Saint Croix :  Tete Jaune; Yellow Head.
For the Cass Lake chief, see Pillager Band.

Old Oshaage of Saint Croix :  Ozhoge; Oshagay.
Old man in 1834–for the younger Oshogay, see La Pointe Band.

Wa-sa-je-zik :

Zhaagobe of Saint Croix :  The Six; Little Six; Chacopai; Jack-o-pa; Shakopee.
Shares a name with other Ojibwe and Dakota men.

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Mississippi River Bands (Sandy Lake, Gull Lake, Crow Wing, Mille Lacs, etc.)

Bagone-giizhig the Younger

Bagone-giizhig the Elder :  Hole in the Day; Hole in the Sky; Bagonegiizhig; Bugonaygeshick; Pugonageesic; Pu-in-a-ne-gi; etc.

Bagone-giizhig the Younger :

Hole in the Day; Hole in the Sky; Bagonegiizhig; Bugonaygeshick; Pugonageesic; Po-go-ne-gi-shik; Bug-on-a-ke-shing; Tug-o-na-ke-shick; Gwiiwiizens; Que-we-san-se; Que-ze-zance; etc.

Bayaaswaa the Younger :  Dry One; Bi-aus-wah II; Bajasswa; etc.
His father, Bayaaswaa is listed under La Pointe Band.

Bebiizigindibe the Elder :  Curly Head; Big Curly Head; Babezegondeba.
Died c. 1825.

Bebiizigindibe the Younger :  Curly Head; Little Curly Head; Babezegondeba.
Died c. 1844.

Gaa-dawaabide

Gaa-dawaabide :  Broken Tooth; Cracked Tooth; Snaggled Tooth; La Breche; Brushe; Brochet; Katawabida; Kau-ta-waubeta; Caw-taa-waa-be-ta; etc.

Gwiiwizhenzhish :  Bad Boy; Qui-wi-sain-shish; etc.

Negwanibi :  Quill.
Mille Lacs Band chief.

Niigaani-giizhig :  Ne-gan-e-ke-shig.

Noodin of Mille Lacs :  Wind.

Wanejo :
Young employee of Samuel Ashmun.

Wazhashkokon :  Muskrat’s Liver.
Also known as Pitad in Dakota.  Mille Lacs chief.

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Pillager Band (Leech Lake, Cass Lake, etc.)

Eshkibagikoonzhe

Bizhiki (Chief Buffalo of Leech Lake) :  Buffalo; Chief Buffalo; Young Buffalo; Little Beef; Pizhickee; Besheke; Pesheekee; Bizhikiins; Pe-zhe-kins; etc.
Be careful not to confuse with the La Pointe band chief of the same name.

Eshkibagikoonzhe (Flat Mouth) :

Flat Mouth; Gueule Platte; Aysh-ke-bah-ke-ko-zhay; Aish-ke-bo-ge-kosh; Eshkibugikosh; [Bird] Having A Leaf-Green Bill; etc.

Ozaawindib of Cass Lake :  Yellow Head; Oza Windid.

Miskobineshii :  Red Bird; Mis-co-pe-nen-shey.

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Ozhaawashkodewekwe

Sault Sainte Marie Band

Jean Baptiste :
Voyageur guide for hire at Sault Ste Marie; c.1845.

Jocko :
Voyageur for hire with Jean Baptiste. 

Keneesequa :  Nancy Ashmun.
Sometimes called Nancy Brushette from her father Gaa-dawaabide’s (La Brechet) French nickname.  She was originally from Sandy Lake.

Ozhaawashkodewekwe :  Green Prairie Woman; Woman of the Green Glade; Oshaguscodaywayquay; O-shaw-was-ko-day-wa-kwa; Niinge; Neengay; Mother; Susan Johnston; etc.
She was born and raised in the Chequamegon area but spent her adulthood in the Soo.

Zhingwaakoons of Sault Band :  Little Pine; Shingwaukoonse.

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Bois Forte Band

Wanunee :  Wau-nun-nee.

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Fur Trade Personnel and Mixed Blood Descendants

William Alexander Aitken :  Atkins.

Samuel Ashmun :

John Jacob Astor

John Jacob Astor :
Founder of the American Fur Company.

John Ballenden :
Scottish fur trader for Hudson’s Bay Company.

Bazil Hudon Beaulieu :
Patriarch of the Beaulieu family.

Clement Hudon Beaulieu :
Son of Bazil Hudon Beaulieu.  Brother-in-law of Borup and Oakes.

Paul Hudon Beaulieu :
Son of Bazil Hudon Beaulieu.  Brother-in-law of Borup and Oakes.

Augustine Belanger :
Fur trader mentioned in Perrault’s Narrative; ancestor of Lake Superior Chippewa mixed-bloods.

Jean Baptiste Belanger :  Scherzer’s guide down the Brule in 1852?

[???] Belanger :  Bellonger; Belangie; Blonzha.
Belanger descendant involved with the blacksmith at Fond du Lac and La Pointe; c.1844.

Edward Biddle :
Trader at Mackinac.

George Bonga

Charles Bonga :
Son of Pierre Bonga.  Identified by Charles W. Whittlesey as a brother of Stephen Bonga; possibly the same person as George Bonga or Jack Bonga.

George Bonga :
Son of Pierre Bonga.  Guide for 1820 Lewis Cass expedition.

Jack Bonga :
Son of Pierre Bonga.

Pierre Bonga :  Makadewiiyas; Mukdaweos.
Son of Jean and Marie-Jeanne Bonga; freed slaves of Captain Daniel Robertson at Mackinac Island.  Grew up on Mackinac Island.  Employed by several fur trading companies at Fond du Lac.  Husband of Ogibwayquay Bonga.

Stephen Bonga :
Son of Pierre Bonga.

Charles William Wulff Borup

Charles William Wulff Borup :

Charles W. Borup.  Husband of Elizabeth Beaulieu Borup.  Son-in-law of Bazil Hudon Beaulieu.  Business partner of Charles Henry Oakes.

Elizabeth Beaulieu Borup :
Daughter of Bazil Hudon Beaulieu.  Wife of Charles William Wulff Borup.

Robert Bothwick :
Mixed-blood settler for the Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim in Superior City, Douglas County.

Julia Cadotte Boyd :
Daughter of Cadotte.  Wife of Robert Duncan Boyd.

Charles Brissette :  Bresette.
Mixed-blood settler for the Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim in Superior City, Douglas County.

Joseph Renshaw Brown :

Benjamin Cadotte :
Mixed-blood settler for the Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim in Superior City, Douglas County.

Jean Baptise Cadotte, Jr. :  John-Baptist Cadot.
Son of Jean Baptise Cadotte, Sr.

Jean Baptise Cadotte, Sr. :  Cadot.
Father of Jean Baptise, Jr. and Michel Cadotte, Sr.

Jean Baptiste Cadotte :
Not to be confused with his grandfather and uncle of the same name.  Son of Michel Cadotte, Sr.

Michel Cadotte, Jr. :  Mishoons.

Michel Cadotte, Sr. : 

Sr., Michael, Cadot, Cadeu, Cadott, Gichi-mishen, Kechemeshane, Le Grande Michel.
Son of Jean Baptise Cadotte, Sr.  Husband of Ikwezewe (Madeline Cadotte).

Michel (Petit) Cadotte :
Cousin of “Grande/Gichi” Michel Cadotte.

Alexis Carpenter, Jr. :  Little Alic.
Mixed-blood son of Alexis Carpenter, Sr. 

Alexis Carpenter, Sr. :
French-Canadian married to Louise Gauthier in 1835 (daughter of Joseph Gauthier and niece of Chief Bad Boy at Lac Courte Oreilles);  employee of Julius Austrian at La Pointe c.1851.

Simon Charette :  Chorette; Chaurette.

Chernier :
XY trader in opposition to Sayer c. 1805.

Pierre Chouteau, Jr.

Pierre Choteau, Jr. :  Pierre Cadet Chouteau.
Son of French Creole fur trader, merchant, politician, and slaveholder Jean-Pierre Chouteau.  Co-owner of the American Fur Company outfit at La Pointe; based in Saint Louis, Missouri.

Joseph Cobaux :  Joseph Covillion; Cavillion.
Metis fur trader at Yellow Lake; allegedly involved with the murder of Albert McEwen.

Levi B. Coffee :

Edward Conner :  Connor.

Thomas Conner :  Connor.

Alexis Corbine :
Witness to an undated (Jan. 1852?) petition from Lake Superior Chippewa Chiefs for the removal of Indian Agent John S. Watrous.

John Baptiste Corbine :  Jean Baptiste Corbin.

Vincent Cournoyer :  Conyer.
Either a brother-in-law or nephew of Vincent Roy, Jr.

Ramsey Crooks

Ramsey Crooks :  Ramsay.
Born in Scotland.  Began working for the American Fur Company as a fur trader; later became President of the A.F.C. after John Jacob Astor’s retirement.

Michel Curot :

Francis Decoteau :

Joseph Default :  Sr.?

Joseph Defoe, Jr. :  Dufault, Dufour, etc.
At Fond du Lac c.1847.

Madam Defoe :  Mdme. Defoe; Julia?
Wife of Joseph Defoe, Jr.

Basil Dennis :
Mixed-blood settler for the Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim in Superior City, Douglas County.

Joseph Dennis :

Souverain Denis :  Dennis; Dene.
Scherzer’s guide down the Brule 1852.

John Baptiste Denomie

John Baptiste Denomie :
Married to Omashikimasinokwe from the White Crane Clan.  Co-signatory of the 1854 Treaty at La Pointe.

Daniel Dingley :

Hercules Louis Dousman :

Talbot Chambers Dousman :

Mary Warren English :
Daughter of Lyman Warren and Mary Cadotte.

John Findley :  Finley.

Francois Gaudin dit Bouvie :  Godin. 
Clerk and interpreter for the XY Company at their Fond du Lac outfit.

Joseph Gauthier :

Antoine Gordon

Antoine Gordon :  Gaudin; Godin.
Entrepreneurial Catholic Ojibwe from La Pointe.  Owned the schooner Algonquin.  Established the town of Gordon at the ancient village site of Amik.

Baptiste Gordon : Gaudin.
Mail carrier between La Pointe and Superior.

John Baptiste Gordon :  Gaudin.

Batese Gostelang :  Baptiste; Badiis; John or Jean-Baptiste; Zhaabadiis.
Hired with his brother Belamy by Benjamin Green Armstrong to guide Albert McEwen from La Pointe to Yellow Lake.

Belamy Gostelang :
Hired along with his brother Batese by Benjamin Green Armstrong to guide Albert McEwen from La Pointe to Yellow Lake.

Uguelle Gouge :

Joseph D. Gurnoe

Joseph D. Gurnoe :
Son of Louis Gurnoe.  Employee of the La Pointe Indian Agency.

George Johnston :  Johnson.

Louis Joliet :

Charles Knowlton :
Mixed-blood settler for the Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim in Superior City, Douglas County.

John La Fave :
Mixed-blood elected official in Douglas County.

Joseph Lamoureaux :

Madam LaPointe :  Mdme. La Pointe.

Alexander Livingston :
Fur trader and liquor dealer at the mouth of the Wolf River.

Alexander MacKenzie : Sir MacKenzie.
Scottish fur trader and explorer.  Partner in the XY Company.

Roderick MacKenzie :

Francois Victor Malhoit :  Mayotte.

John Baptiste Martell :  J.B.; Jean Baptiste; Martel; Major Mertelle.

Louis Rodrigue Masson :
Grandson-in-law of Roderick MacKenzie.

Louis Morrisette :

Daniel George Morrison

Daniel George Morrison :
Prominent mixed-blood Chippewa in Superior City.  One of the first incorporators of Fond du Lac.  Mixed-blood settler for the Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim in Superior City, Douglas County.  Elected to the Douglas County.  

John George Allen Morrison :
Son of Allen Morrison.  Nephew of William Morrison.

George Nelson :

Charles Henry Oakes

Charles Henry Oakes :
Husband of Julia Beaulieu Oakes.  Son-in-law of Bazil Hudon Beaulieu.  Business partner of Charles William Wulff Borup.

Julia Beaulieu Oakes :
Daughter of Bazil Hudon Beaulieu.  Wife of Charles Henry Oakes.

Jean-Baptiste Perrault :  Pero?

Nicholas Poulliott :

Charlotte Warren Price :
Daughter of Lyman Warren and Mary Cadotte.

Louis Roberts :

Robideau :  Robido; Ribedoux; Robideaux.
Possible killer of A. Livingston in 1849?

Eustace Roussain

Eustace Roussain :

Frank Roussain

Frank Roussain :

Elisabeth Cournoyer Roy :
Wife of Vincent, Jr.

Frank Roy :  Francis.
Son of Vincent, Sr.  Brother of Vincent, Jr.  Mixed-blood settler for the Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim in Superior City, Douglas County.

Jean-Baptiste Roy :  J.B.
Son of Pierre.  Brother of Vincent from Quebec.

John Baptiste Roy :
Son of Vincent Sr.  

Peter Roy

Frank Roy

Peter Roy :
Son of Vincent, Sr.

Vincent Roy (I) from Quebec :  Vincentius.
Born in Quebec.  Son of Pierre Roy.  Father of Vincent Roy, Sr.  Married to Josepha “Ogiwens”.  French Canadian interpreter and trader for several fur trading companies in the Minnesota region.

Vincent Roy (II) Sr. :  Vincent Sr.
Born on Leech Lake.  Son of Vincent from Quebec. Grandson of Jean-Baptiste.  Father of Vincent, Jr.  Married to Elizabeth Lacombre.  Trader for several fur trading companies in the Minnesota Region.  Moved his family to La Pointe c.1839.

Vincent Roy, Jr.

Vincent Roy (III) Jr. :

Vincent, Jr.; Gichi-biisan; Kitchi-Besan; Big Vincent.
Born on Rainy Lake.  Son of Vincent Roy, Sr.  Grandson of Vincent Roy.  Married to Elisabeth Cournoyer.  Employee of Julius Austrian.  Interpreter for Henry Mower Rice.  Partnered with George Nettleton and Henry Mower Rice on a town-site claim in Superior City, Douglas County, and organized many Chippewa mixed-bloods to settle upon the Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim.

Maurice Mordecai Samuel :

John Sayer :  Sayers; Sayre.

Jane Johnston Schoolcraft :

Simon :
Member of La Pointe mission c.1851.

Sorel :
Deer hunting companion of George Nelson.

Julia Warren Spears :

Francis & Mary St. (Amo?) :

Antoine Warren :
Mixed blood settler for the Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim in Superior City, Douglas County.

George Parsons Warren :
Son of Truman Warren and Charlotte Cadotte.

Lyman Marcus Warren :  Lyman Warren; Lyman M. Warren.

Mary Cadotte Warren :  Marie.
Daughter of Michel, wife of Lyman.  Her daughter Mary is listed as Mary Warren English.

Truman Abraham Warren :
Brother of Lyman Marcus Warren; uncle of William Whipple Warren and Makoons.

Truman Abraham “Makoons” Warren :  T. A. Warren; Makoons.
Son of Lyman Marcus Warren; brother of William Whipple Warren; nephew of Truman Abraham Warren.

William Whipple Warren

 William Whipple Warren :

William W. Warren.
Son of Lyman Marcus Warren; grandson of Michael Cadotte, Sr. and Ikwezewe (Madeline Cadotte); son-in-law of William Alexander Aitken; an interpreter for Henry Mower Rice; elected as a legislator to the Miinesota Territory House of Representatives; authored the book  History of the Ojibway People: Based Upon Traditions and Oral Statements; died at the age of 28.

William S. Warren :
Son of Truman Abraham Warren; nephew of Lyman Marcus Warren; cousin of William Whipple Warren and Makoons.

---

Missionaries

Claude Allouez :
Jesuit Missionary and French Explorer.

Frederick Ayer :

David Bacon :
American missionary in Michigan Territory and founder of Tallmadge, Ohio.

Frederick Baraga

Frederick Baraga :

Henry Blatchford :  b. Francois Decarreaux, Jr.

William T. Boutwell :

William Hadley Brockway :
1st Methodist minister licensed to preach in the State of Michigan.

Alfred Brunson :
First Methodist missionary in Wisconsin; witnessed an 1838 speech by Chief Buffalo of La Pointe.

Pere Carriere :
French Catholic priest.

John Chebohm :  Reverend Chebohm.

Alvin Coe :
Travelling missionary at Fond du Lac, Red Lake, etc; c. 1844.

Edmund Franklin Ely

George Copway :  Kagegagahbow.

Edmund Franklin Ely :

Reverend Ely; E. F. Ely.
Settler of western Superior City at the Endion (”Ahn-dy-yon”) town-site.

Enami’egaabaw (John Johnson) :  Enmegahbowh; He That Prays [For His People While] Standing.
The first Native American to be ordained a priest in the Episcopal Church.

Miss Gates :

Joseph Alexander Gilfillan :

Godfrey :

Harriet Hall :

Sherman Hall

Sherman Hall :  

Reverend Hall.

Antoine Louis Hennepin :

Edward Jacker :

Isaac Jogues : Father Jogues; Jonges.

Jacques Marquette :

Père René Ménard :

Noble :
Possibly the samne person as D. A. Noble.

Nicolas Perrot :

Charles Pulsifer :

Charles Raymbault :
Jesuit missionary.

Rosselle :  Reverend Rosselle.

Otto Skolla :

Richard M. Smith :

Samuel Spates :

Florantha Sproat :

Grenville T. Sproat :  Granville.

Abigail Spooner :
Teacher at La Pointe.

Selah B. Treat :

T. Valentine : Reverend Valentine; Father Valentine.

Leonard Hemenway Wheeler

Chrysostome Verwyst :

E. P. Wheeler :
Son of Leonard H.

Harriet Martha Wheeler :

Harriet Wood Wheeler :

Leonard Hemenway Wheeler :

Reverend Wheeler.

Leonard “Lenny” Wheeler :
Son of Leonard H.

William Wheeler :

S. G. Wright :
Missionary at Red Lake c.1844

---

United States Politicians

David Rice Atchison :

John Cabell Breckinridge :
14th Vice President of the United States.

George Briggs

George Briggs :
United States Representative.  Assisted with Chief Buffalo’s 1852 delegation to Washington, D.C.  

Jesse D. Bright :
United States senator for the State of Indiana.  Allegedly involved with Superior City and Bayfield land frauds.

James Buchanan, Jr. :
15th President of the United States.

Lewis Cass :  Governor Cass.

Henry Clay, Sr. :

Thomas Corwin :

Caleb Cushing :
23rd United States Attorney General; speculated in the St. Croix River valley for land and copper during the 1840s.

Augustus C. Dodge :
United States Senator for the State of Iowa.

Henry Dodge:  Governor Dodge.

Alpheus Felch:
United States Senator and Governor for the State of Michigan.

Samuel S. Fifield :

Millard Fillmore :
13th President of the United States.

Edward A. Hannegan :

Andrew Jackson :  General Jackson.
7th President of the United States.

Abraham Lincoln :
16th President of the United States.

Morgan Lewis Martin

Morgan Lewis Martin :

Robert McClelland :  M’Clelland.
4th United States Secretary of the Interior.

James Meacham :
United States Representative from Vermont.

D. A. Noble :  Hon. D. A. Noble.
Former member of Congress present during the 1855 Annuity Payment of La Pointe.

Franklin Pierce :
14th President of the United States.

James Knox Polk :
11th President of the United States.

Alexander Ramsey :  Governor Ramsey.

Henry Mower Rice

Henry Mower Rice :

Member of the “Hollinshead crowd” (Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim) in Superior City.

Alvah Sabin :
United States Representative of the State of Vermont; involved with the Barber brothers’ land surveys and claims from afar.

Henry Hastings Sibley :

Charles Sumner :

Zachary Taylor :
12th President of the United States.

Jacob Thompson :
5th United States Secretary of the Interior.

Cadwallader Colden Washburn :  C.C.
United States House of Representatives; 11th Governor of Wisconsin; namesake of the City of Washburn on Chequamegon Bay.

Elisha Whittlesey :

David Levy Yulee :

---

Other United States Government Personnel

James Allen : Lieutenant Allen.

David Rice Atchison :

Mathew Brady :

John Caldwell Calhoun :

George Catlin :

William Clark :

Cyrus K. Drew :  (11/9/13)

Seth Eastman :

William S. Hamilton : Captain Hamilton; Colonel Hamilton.
Son of Alexander Hamilton.  Fought in the Black Hawk War.

William Henry Harrison :

David B. Herriman :  (8/26/13)

Arthur Holmes :  Major Holmes.

Henry Inman :

Charles Bird King :

Joseph Lassalle :  (7/17/13)

Luke Lea :

James Otto Lewis :  

Meriwether Lewis :  

Stephen Harriman Long : Major Long.

Alexander Macomb : General Macomb.

I. L. Mahan :

George Washington Manypenny :

William Learned Marcy :
20th Secretary of War for the United States.

Thomas L. McKenney :

William Medill :   

Montgomery C. Meigs :  Major Meigs.

John M. Morgan :

Joseph Nicholas Nicollet

Joseph Nicolas Nicollet :

Zebulon Montgomery Pike :

Thaddeus Pound :

William J. Rhees :  

Benjamin A. Stannard :

Charles C. Stannard :

Lawrence Taliferro :

Francis Vincenti :

---

British Government Personnel

Joseph Banks : Sir Joseph Banks.

Alexander Baxter :
Partner with Alexander Henry the Elder and Henry Bostwick to mine for silver and copper on Lake Superior.

Henry Wolsey Bayfield :
Namesake of Bayfield, Wisconsin.

Henry Bostwick :

Jonathan Carver

Jonathan Carver :

Captain Carver.

Duncan Graham :
Scottish fur trader.

Alexander Henry the Elder :
Licensed fur trader of the North West Company; business partner of Jean Baptiste Cadotte, Sr (father of Michel Cadotte).

Henry Procter : General Procter; Proctor.

George Simpson :  Sir George Simpson.
Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company c.1845.

---

French Government Personnel

Louis Armand :  The Baron de Lahontan.

Jacques Nicholas Bellin :

Medard Chouart, Sieur de Groseilliers :

Louis Denis, Sieur de La Ronde :

Philippe Denis, Sieur de La Ronde :

Paul le Gardeur, Sieur de St. Pierre :  Captain Paul Legardeur St. Pierre.

Pierre-Joseph Hertel, Sieur de Beaubassin :

Pierre-Charles Le Sueur :

Godefroy de Linctot :

Pierre d’Esprit, Sieur de Radisson :

Jean Baptiste Louis Franquelin :

Daniel Greysolon, Sieur du Lhut : Sieur du Lhut.
Solider and explorer; Duluth is named in his honor.

Alexandre de Prouville, Sieur de Tracy :

---

Odawa

Pontiac :  Obwandiyag;

---

Dakota Sioux

Thaóyate Dúta :  Little Crow.

---

Sac (or Sauk) and Fox

Keokuk :

Makataimeshekiakiak :  Makatai Meshe Kiakiak, Black Hawk.

---

Shawnee

Tecumseh :

Tenskwatawa :  Open Door; Lalawithika.
Shawnee Prophet.

Tenskwatawa, the Shawnee Prophet

---

Menominee

Cavalier :
A guide for Charles W. Whittlesey.

Mahkeemeeteuv : Mah-kée-mee-teuv, Grizzly Bear, Grisly Bear.

Oshkosh :

---

Ho-Chunk (or Winnebago)

Wahkanjahzeegah : Wakunchakookah, Yellow Thunder.

---

Visitors to Chequamegon Bay

Michael E. Ames :

Giles Addison Barber :  G. A. Barber.
Elected to Vermont House of Representatives; father of Augustus Hamilton Barber and Joel Allen Barber.

J. A. Bailey :
Involved with the Tyler Forks Copper Location; geologist?

John Stewart Barry :
4th and 8th Governor for the State of Michigan.

Harry S. Beesley :

Bethune Duffield :
Doctor from Detroit; attended the 1855 annuity payment at La Pointe.

James Hall, Jr. : Professor Hall.
American geologist; contracted with Charles W. Whittlesey to survey between the Montreal River and Bad River during 1862.

John Hanchett Harmon :
An editor and owner of the Detroit Free Press; later Mayor for the City of Detroit.

Josiah A. Harris :

Andrew Harvie :
Lawyer in Sault Ste. Marie; connected with Lake Superior mining interests and Senator of Michigan.

William Henry :

Frederick Hubbard :
Bela Hubbard’s younger brother.

Hildreth Huntington :
Associated with Bad River copper mining; possibly a fictional character.

Johann Georg Kohl

Johann Georg Kohl :  

J.G.

Leander Lippincott :

Sarah Jane Lippincott :  Grace Greenwood.

Sheldon McKnight:
Founder of the Detroit Free Press; owned a fleet of steamships on the Great Lakes, including the London and the Monticello.

Richard E. Morse :

Joseph Granville Norwood:  Dr. Norwood.
German geologist.

David Dale Owen :
American geologist.

Charles W. Penny :

Karl Ritter von Scherzer

Karl Ritter von Scherzer :

Carl.
Austrian explorer, diplomat, and naturalist.  Hosted by the Austrian Family during a visit to La Pointe.

Truman Smith :
Senator and Congressman from Connecticut.

Francis R. Stebbins :

H. L. Stevens :

Sir Edward Robert Sullivan, 5th Baronet :

John Swegles, Jr. :

H. Thielsen :  Thielson.

Moritz Wagner

Isaac Van Etten :

Moritz Wagner :

German explorer, collector, geographer and natural historian.  May or may not have accompanied Karl Ritter von Scherzer during a visit to La Pointe.

Josiah Dwight Whitney :

Wilkins :  Judge Wilkins.
Witness to 1855 payment.

Joseph R. Williams :

John Wilson : Captain Wilson.

Charles Zimmerman :

---

Settlers of La Pointe County

John Daniel Angus : Captain Angus; Jack Angus.
Sailed around the world.  First settled at La Pointe circa 1835.

Jane Angus : Mrs. Angus.
Wife of John Angus.  Ran the “Angus Hotel” at La Pointe circa 1857.

Benjamin Green Armstrong

Benjamin Green Armstrong :

Originally from Alabama.  Merchant in La Pointe.  Guide for Chippewa delegations to Washington D.C..  Interpreter at the 1854 Treaty of La Pointe.  Adopted son of Chief Buffalo at La Pointe.

Daniel A. J. Baker : Hon. D. A. J. Baker.
Brother-in-law of Edwin Ellis.  Co-founder of Superior City.  Early settler of Ashland.  Speculated in Ironton shares.

Laura Antionette Bebee Beaser :
Wife of Martin Beaser.

Martin Beaser

Martin Beaser :
Named Ashland after Henry Clay Sr.’s estate.

John Beck :

John William Bell, Sr. :

John Bell; John W. Bell; King Bell; Old Whacken.

John Bono :

Robert Dundas Boyd :  Robert Boyd.
Nephew of President John Quincy Adams.  Husband of Julia Cadotte Boyd of the La Pointe Band.  First Justice of the Peace for La Pointe County after Wisconsin’s statehood.  Died in a bar fight at La Pointe while defending his dog.  

George Leonhard Brunschweiler : Dr. G. L. Brunschweiler; Brunswillow.

Michel Buskey :

Stephen Butterfield :  Captain Butterfield.

Cruttenden :
Fur trader(?) at La Pointe, circa 1848.

Charles Day :  Charley Day.

Edwin Ellis

Edwin Ellis :  Dr. Ellis.

Martha B. Baker Ellis :
Wife of Edwin Ellis; sister of Daniel A. J. Baker.

Charles Fisher :

Schuyler Goff : Judge Goff.

Edward Hall :  Ed Hall; Hall.

John Paul Thompson Haskell : J. P. T. Haskell.
Father-in-law of Asaph Whittlesey Jr.

William Herbert :

Herbutt.

Hocksteiner :

George Kilborn : Kilburn; Kilbourne.

Joseph LaPointe, Sr. :
Canadian laborer; moved to northern Wisconsin c. 1830-1840; married an Indian woman named Margarette.  

Ervin Barnes Leihy :

Lehy; Leahy; Leehy; Lehigh; Neg-gi-goons; Nig-gig-goons; Young/Little Otter.

David Lusk :
Co-owned a store with Frederick Prentice.

Asa W. Maddocks :
Co-founder of Town of Houghton in La Pointe County.

William McAboy :

Crocket McElroy :

Francis McElroy :

Albert McEwen : Friend McEwen; Poor Mc; McEwan; McElwin; Wabi-gog; Waabi-gaag; White Porcupine.
Town of Ironton co-founder; merchant in Ashland; owned a sawmill on the La Pointe Indian Reservation.

Robert Morrin :
Brother of William Morrin.

William Morrin :
Brother of Robert Morrin.

Antoine Perinier :
Justice of the Peace in the Town of La Pointe.

Elisha Pike : Judge Elisha Pike.

Elizabeth Kimmey Pike :
Wife of Elisha Pike.

Robinson Darling Pike :  R.D. Pike.

Frederick Prentice

Frederick Prentice :

Andrew Reefer :
Employee of George R. Stuntz at the sawmill on the Iron River in La Pointe County.

Thaddeus Pembroke Sibley : T. P. Sibley; Sibly.

George Starks :

Johanna Sullivan :
Irish immigrant; wife of Patrick Sullivan.

Charles C. Tucker :
Co-founder of Town of Houghton in La Pointe County; attorney in Washington, D.C.

Patrick Sullivan :

Peter B. VanderVenter :  Vander Venter.

Samuel Stuart Vaughn

Emeline Eliza Patrick Vaughn :  Mrs. E. Vaughn.
Wife of Samuel Stuart Vaughn.

Samuel Stuart Vaughn :  S. S. Vaughn.

Junius Tillotson Welton : J. T. Welton.

Asaph Whittlesey, Jr. :

Brother of Charles W. Whittlesey; co-founder of Ashland; first Wisconsin state legislator from the Lake Superior region.

---

Settlers of Douglas County

Alfred Allen :
Witness for a land claim in Superior City.

John Alexander Bardon :

George L. Becker :
Member of the “Hollinshead crowd” (Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim) in Superior City.

Peter E. Bradshaw :

Pain Bradt :

Michael S. Bright Sr. :

Michael S. Bright Jr. :

Benjamin W. Brunson :
Settler of western Superior City at the Endion (”Ahn-dy-yon”) town-site.

J. A. Bunsen :

George W. Cass :
Co-founder of Superior City.

John Chisholm :

W. W. Corcoran :
Co-founder of Superior City.

Abraham Emmett :
Settler of Superior City for the Robertson/Nelson/Baker town-site.

Peter Erickson :

George Falkner :

Harvey Fargo :

John Grant :

Hiram Hayes :
Clerk of Superior City.

Johannes Helon :

Calvin Hood :
Settler of western Superior City at the Endion (”Ahn-dy-yon”) town-site.

William C. Howenstein :

Israel Janssen :

John Johnson :

Lorenz Johnson :

Nat. W. Kendall :

C. D. Kimball :
Settler of western Superior City at the Endion (”Ahn-dy-yon”) town-site.

Joseph Kimball :
Settler of western Superior City at the Endion (”Ahn-dy-yon”) town-site.

William Wallace Kingsbury :
Co-founder of Superior City.

C. H. Knickerbocker :

Martin Larson :

Sven Larson :

Oliver Lemerise :

Lars Lenroot :

Sven Magnassan :

William Rainey Marshall :

James McBride :

James H. C. McKinzey :
Preëmptor of Copper Creek claim in the Amnicon Trap Range after American Fur Company abandoned their copper explorations.

R. S. McLean :

J. T. Morgan :

Peter Nelson :

R. R. Nelson :

George E. Nettleton :
Member of the “Hollinshead crowd” (Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim) in Superior City.

William Nettleton :
Member of the “Hollinshead crowd” (Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim) in Superior City.

William H. Newton :
Member of the “Hollinshead crowd” (Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim) in Superior City.

Peter Norell :

John Parry :
Explored copper veins near Copper Creek.

A. A. Parker :
Settler of western Superior City at the Endion (”Ahn-dy-yon”) town-site.

Alexander Paul :
Settler of Superior City.  Private fur trader with five outfits.  Employer of Vincent Roy, Jr.

George W. Perry :
Attorney at Law.  Notary Public.

Aaron Peterson :
Settler in Superior City for Stinson’s gang of Swedes from Swede Lake.

Johannes Peterson :

C. G. Pettys :

William H. Reed :

Edmund Rice :
Member of the “Hollinshead crowd” (Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim) in Superior City.  Related to Henry Mower Rice?

Daniel A. Robertson :
Co-founder of Superior City.

George B. Sargent :

James O. Sargent :
Surveyed the Copper Creek Mining Location with George Riley Stuntz.

William C. Sargent :

Andreas Senson :
Settler in Superior City for Stinson’s gang of Swedes from Swede Lake.

E. Y. Shelly :

Owen Sheridan : 
Early mail carrier.

R. F. Slaughter :
Settler of western Superior City at the Endion (”Ahn-dy-yon”) town-site.

S. W. Smith :

James Stinson :
Co-founder of Superior City.  Member of the “Hollinshead crowd” (Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim) in Superior City.  Leader of Stinson’s gang of Swedes from Swede Lake.

Madison Sweetzer :

Benjamin Thompson :  Thomson.
Member of the “Hollinshead crowd” (Roy/Nettleton/Rice town-site claim) in Superior City.

Horace S. Walbridge :
Co-founder of Superior City.

Robert John Walker :  Robert J. Walker.
Co-founder of Superior City; United States Senator from Mississippi; 4th Territorial Governor of Kansas.  18th United States Secretary of the Treasury; Walker County, Texas, was originally named in his honor.

Andrew Walmart :
Settler in Superior City for Stinson’s gang of Swedes from Swede Lake.

Westerlund :  Old Westerlund.

August Zachau :
“We got into what is now Superior Bay just before dark on November 8, 1853, and landed on Minnesota Point, near where the old lighthouse stood and there found Benjamin Cadotte and Joe Londerer, two half-breeds, building three log houses for George R. Stuntz. The whole point was dotted with big Indian tepees.”

---

Leopold & Austrian, et al

“In 1855 a number of Jewish Indian traders met on an island in Lake Superior in the frontier village of La Pointe, Wisconsin.  The Indians were assembled there to collect their annuities and the Jews were present to dun their debtors before they dispersed.  There were enough Jews for a minyan and a service was held.  That was the beginning and the end of La Pointe Jewry.”

~ United States Jewry, 1776-1985, Volumes 1-2, by Jacob Rader Marcus, page 196.

Bernard Austrian :
Austrian sibling(?); need to relocate source of information (possibly Joseph Austrian’s memoir?).

Caroline Milner Austrian :
Wife of Marx Austrian.

Falk Austrian :

Fanny Austrian :

Hannah Leopold Austrian :
Wife of Julius Austrian.

Joseph Austrian :

Julius Austrian :

Osterreicher; Ombrian.

Julius Austrian

Malka Heule Osterreicher Austrian : Malia.
Mother of the Austrian siblings.

Marx Austrian :

Samuel Solomon Austrian :

Ascher Freudenthaler :

Joseph Hirsch Freudenthaler :
Father of the Leopold siblings.

Jette H. S. H. Freudenthaler :

Karolina Freudenthaler :

Henry Guttman Goodman :
Cousin of the Austrian siblings; brother-in-law of the Leopold siblings.

Moses Hanauer :
Son of (Moritz Hanauer) the Leopold’s elementary teacher; brother-in-law of Henry Smitz.

Mina Austrian Jordan :

Aaron Freudenthal Leopold :
Leopold sibling; married to [asdf].

Babette Austrian Leopold :
Austrian sibling; married to [asdf].

Babette Guttman Leopold :
Cousin of the Austrian siblings; married to [asdf].

Henry Freudenthal Leopold :

Ida Austrian Leopold :

Louis Freudenthal Leopold :

Nathan Freudenthal Leopold, Jr. :

Nathan Freudenthal Leopold, Sr. :

Samuel Freudenthal Leopold :

Edward Kanter

Edward Kanter : Baash-ki-taa-go-zi; Firecracker; To Make An Explosive Noise.
Employee of the Leopolds and Austrians.

Max H. Mandelbaum :

Abraham Issac Osterreicher : Reb Frohen.
Bavarian rabbi; father of the Austrian siblings.

Henry Smitz :  Schmitz; Smith.
Employee of Julius Austrian at La Pointe; son-in-law of (Moritz Hanauer) the Leopold’s elementary teacher.

Rachel Regina Stiefel :
Mother of the Leopold siblings.

---

United States Indian Agency

Daniel D. Brockway :
Government blacksmith for the L’Anse Indian sub-Agency.

Amos J. Bruce :
St. Peter’s Indian Agent on the Fort Snelling military reservation.

Daniel P. Bushnell :
Stationed at La Pointe subAgency.

Cyrus K. Drew :

A. W. Fitch :
Indian Agent based in Detroit.

Henry C. Gilbert :

James P. Hays :
Indian sub-Agent at La Pointe.

David B. Herriman :

Hunter the Blacksmith :
Blacksmith at Fond du Lac c.1844.

Lathrop Johnson : Dr. Johnson.
Government carpenter for the L’Anse Indian sub-Agency.

John H. Knight :

John S. Livermore :

Charles Eli Mix :

James Ord :
Indian sub-Agent at Sault Ste Marie.

Henry Rowe Schoolcraft :

John Stoddard :
Government carpenter for the La Pointe Indian Agency.

Robert Stuart :

William E. VanTassel :  Van Tassel.
Government blacksmith for the La Pointe Indian Agency.

John S. Watrous :

Luther E. Webb :

---

United States General Land Office

Alexander Aiken :
Lake Superior Chippewa mixed-blood; chainman for Joel Allen Barber.

Joseph Alcorn :  Jo Alcorn; Joseph Latham.

J. O. H. Avaline :

Edward L. Baker :

Augustus Hamilton Barber

Augustus Hamilton Barber :

Augustus Barber.
Deputy Surveyor; former chainman for George Riley Stuntz; brother of Joel Allen Barber; son of Giles Addison Barber; mysterious land claims and death were censored.

Joel Allen Barber :

Deputy Surveyor; brother of Augustus Hamilton Barber; son of Giles Addison Barber; performed the interior survey and allotment of the La Pointe Reservation.

F. W. Bartlett :
Register at the Bayfield Land Office.

A. W. Burtt :
Axeman for Augustus Hamilton Barber; possibly a son of Judge William Austin Burt.

George I. Butler :
Chainman for Augustus Hamilton Barber.

Ira C. Crum :
Flagman for Elisha S. Norris.

Eliab B. Dean, Jr. :

Joseph Dennis :
Lake Superior Chippewa mixied-blood; axeman for Augustus Hamilton Barber.

J. L. Hamlin :
Chainman for Elisha S. Norris.

Stephen A. Hart :
Axeman for Elisha S. Norris.

Thomas Andrews Hendricks :
Commissioner of the General Land Office.

John O. Henning :

Bernard Hoppen :
Axeman for Augustus Hamilton Barber.

Warren Lewis

Warner Lewis :

Albert A. Little :
Axeman for Augustus Hamilton Barber.

Larry Marston :
Allegedly a member of Joel Allen Barber’s survey of the La Pointe Indian Reservation.

Louis Neveau :  Nevioux.
Lake Superior Chippewa mixied-blood; axeman for Joel Allen Barber.

Elisha S. Norris :  Deputy Surveyor.

John Plum :  Flum?

Bradley Salter :
Settler of western Superior City at the Endion (”Ahn-dy-yon”) town-site.

Daniel Shaw :
Register at the Superior Land Office.

T. Rush Spencer : Doctor Spencer.

Moses M. Strong :

George Riley Stuntz

Albert Conrad Stuntz :

Brother of George Riley Stuntz; contracted to survey the Penokee Mountains; colluded with the Wisconsin & Lake Superior Mining & Smelting Company.

George Erastus Stuntz :  Lazarus.
Nephew of Albert Conrad Stuntz and George Riley Stuntz.

George Riley Stuntz :

Settler of western Superior City at the Endion (”Ahn-dy-yon”) town-site.

William W. Ward :
Chainman for Joel Allen Barber.

George Webb :

---

Wisconsin & Lake Superior Mining & Smelting Company

Bascom : ???

R. B. Bell :
Investor.

James Smith Buck

James Smith Buck :

Henry Harrison Button :
Investor.

Samuel Champner :

Enoch Chase : Dr. Enoch Chase.

George W. Chase :

John B. D. Cogswell :

John Cummings :

Joseph C. Cutler :
Son of Lysander Cutler.

Lysander Cutler

Lysander Cutler :

Colonel Cutler; General Cutler; Gray Devil.

August Eckee :
Old courier de Bois; hired to assist in completing the Penokee survey; former employee of Sigourney Lumber Co. in Quebec.

Batteese : Old Batteese; Baptiste, Badiis; John or Jean-Baptiste; Zhaabadiis.
Identified ambiguously as a mixed-blood employed by the company as a packer.

Frank Gale :

William Gotzehenberger :  Wilhelm Goetzenburg; Gutsenburg.
His brother lived in Ontonagon.

James P. Greaves :

Thomas A. Greene :

John L. Harris :

Horatio Hill :

Increase Allen Lapham

Increase Allen Lapham :

Joseph Le Roy : Joe Le Roy; French Joe.

John Lockwood :

S. R. Marston :

Joel P. McClellan :

George Miller :

Edwin Palmer :

Henry C. Palmer :
Son of Edwin Palmer.

William Pell :

John W. Pixley :
Investor from Milwaukee.

Franklin J. Ripley :
Investor from Massachusetts.

Steve Sanborn :
Talented carpenter and cooper.

John Sidebotham :

Duncan Sinclair :

Simeon N. Small :

Julius O. Smith :

George Spaulding :

A. S. Stacy :
Canadian resident; hired to hold a claim in the Penokee Mountains; attempted to extort funds from the company.

James Stephenson :

Alfred A. Stevens : Alvin Stevens.
Maine resident; employed to secure land patents at Lockwood’s station.

Charles Stevens :

Elie Valliant :

Matthew Ward :

Arthur R. Wheelock :
Milwaukee resident; employed to secure land patents for the company in general.

Albert W. Whitcomb :
Milwaukee resident; civil engineer; ran a transit line on the ancient Indian copper trail (“Coburn Trail”) between the mouth of Fish Creek along Chequamegon Bay and Penokee Gap along the Bad River.

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Keweenaw Copper Region Personnel

Joab Bernard :
Trustee of the Boston Mining Company.

William Austin Burt : Judge Burt.
Inventor of the first American typewriter and the solar compass.  Possibly the father of A. W. Burtt.

Major Campbell :

John Cheynowth :

R. E. Cleary :  Captain Cleary.
In command of Fort Wilkins.

Augustus Coburn :
1853 Beaser/Coburn/Sayles expedition; brother-in-law of Martin Beaser.

Walter Cunningham : General Cunningham.
Superintendent for the Mineral Agency at Copper Harbor before John Stockton.

A. C. Davis :

Pierre Jean Édouard Desor :
Swiss geologist.

Josiah R. Dorr :

C. C. Douglas :
An agent of the Phoenix Copper Company.

James Eights :

Julius Eldred :
Purchased the Ontonagon Boulder from either Okandikan and the Ontonagon Band in 1841; removed the Ontonagon Boulder from the Keweenaw Peninsula in 1843; the Ontonagon Boulder was seized from Eldred by the United States.

Charles H. Gratiot : Colonel Gratiot.

Andrew Belcher Gray :
Surveyor for the U.S. Mineral Land Agency at Copper Harbor.

David Henshaw :
Trustee of the Phoenix Copper Company.  

Douglass Houghton

Douglass Houghton :

Douglas.

Bela Hubbard

Bela Hubbard :

Charles Thomas Jackson :

John Harris Kinzie : Kenzie.

Joseph Lang :
Boarding house in Eagle River; may have originally known the Leopolds from Bavaria.

Charles Larned :

Edward Larned :

William E. Logan :
Geologist.

Simon Mandelbaum :
Competitor of the Leopolds & Austrians.

Nick Mineclue :
Lived in a cabin with James K. Paul near the Ontonagon Boulder; mentioned in William Witter Spalding’s memoirs.

Mr. Norberg :

Osborn : Doctor Osborn.

James K. Paul :
Lived in a cabin with Nick Mineclue near the Ontonagon Boulder; reportedly sold the Ontonagon Boulder to Austrian Eldred in 1843; shot William Witter Spalding in his knee over a dispute.

William Pettit :  Doctor Pettit.
Trustee of the Pittsburg and Boston Copper Harbor Mining Company.

S. S. Robinson :

Edward Sayles : Sales.
Beaser/Coburn/Sayles expedition c.1853.

Abner Sherman :

William Witter Spalding :

John Stockton : General Stockton.
Superintendent for the Mineral Agency at Copper Harbor after Walter Cunningham.

George Talcott : Colonel Talcott.

Joel A. Vaughn :
Brother of Samuel Stuart Vaughn.

George Walker :
British copper miner on Lake Superior; surveyed the Copper Creek Mining Location with George Riley Stuntz.

F. G. White :

Peter White :

Charles W. Whittlesey

Charles W. Whittlesey :

Colonel Whittlesey.

Samuel Williams :
Trustee of the Phoenix Copper Company.